Long-term Dental Anomalies after Pediatric Cancer Treatment in Children

Long-term Dental Anomalies after Pediatric Cancer Treatment in Children [Turk J Hematol]

Turk J Hematol. 2019; 36(3): 155-161 | DOI: 10.4274/tjh.galenos.2018.2018.0248

Long-term Dental Anomalies after Pediatric Cancer Treatment in Children

G�lser K�l�n�¹, G�l�in Bulut², Fahinur Ertu�rul³, Hale �ren⁴, Beng� Demira�⁵, Ay�e Demiral⁶, Serap Aksoylar⁷, Emine Serra Kamer⁸, H�lya Ellidokuz⁹, Nur Olgun¹⁰
¹Dokuz Eyl�l University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pediatric Dentistry, �zmir, Turkey
²�zmir Training Dental Hospital, Clinic of Pediatric Dentistry, �zmir, Turkey
³Ege University Faculty of Dentistry, Department of Pedodontics, �zmir, Turkey
⁴Dokuz Eyl�l University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pediatric Hematology, �zmir, Turkey
⁵Beh�et Uz Children�s Hospital, Clinic of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, �zmir, Turkey
⁶Dokuz Eyl�l University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Radiation Oncology, �zmir, Turkey
⁷Ege University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pediatric Hematology, �zmir, Turkey
⁸Ege University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Radiation Oncology, �zmir, Turkey
⁹Dokuz Eyl�l University, Institute of Oncology, Department of Preventive Oncology, �zmir, Turkey
¹⁰Dokuz Eyl�l University, Institute of Oncology, Department of Pediatric Oncology, �zmir, Turkey

Objective: The aim of this study is to determine the frequency of dental anomalies (DAs) (microdontia, hypodontia, hyperdontia, enamel defect, root malformation) in pediatric cancer patients at the ages <5 years and between 5 and 7 years, and understand their relationship with the received therapy.
Materials and Methods: Pediatric patients who were diagnosed with cancer and treated before the age of 7 years were investigated in a case- control design. The study included 93 pediatric patients whose ages at diagnosis were between 9 months and 7 years and whose treatments were completed before 5-8 years. Group A consisted of patients in the age range of 9 months to 4 years and Group B consisted of patients in the age range of 5-7 years. Seventy-two siblings with compatible dental age ranges were included in the control group. For both groups, intraoral examinations were performed and panoramic radiographs were taken.
Results: Among the 93 pediatric patients, the mean age was 9.54�1.25 (range: 8-13 years) and 48 (51.6%) patients were male. The most common diagnosis was hematologic malignancy with a rate of 65.5%. At least one DA was detected in 7 (9.7%) individuals of the control group and in 78 (83.9%) of the patient group. While the patients in the study group had all kinds of DAs, those in the control group had only enamel defects. The rates of microdontia (p=0.077) and hypodontia (p=0.058) were detected to be significantly higher in Group A than in Group B. Root malformation was more common in patients receiving chemotherapy and radiotherapy than in those receiving only chemotherapy (p=0.006).
Conclusion: In this study it was found that the pediatric patients who received cancer treatment before the age of 7 years constituted a high-risk group for DAs. The frequencies of microdontia and hypodontia were increased even more when the patient was treated for cancer before 5 years of age.

Keywords: Cancer, Children, Dental anomalies, Hypodontia, Microdontia, Root malformation, Enamel defect

Kanser Tedavisi G�ren �ocuklarda Uzun S�re Sonra G�r�len Di� Anomalileri

Ama�: �al��man�n amac� <5 ve 5-7 ya� aras� kanser tan�s� al�p tedavi g�rm�� hastalarda di� anomalileri (DA) (mikrodonti, hipodonti, hiperdonti, mine kusuru, k�k �ekil bozuklu�u) s�kl��n� belirlemek ve al�nan tedavi ile ili�kini saptamakt�r.
Gere� ve Y�ntem: Kanser tan�s� al�p 7 ya� �ncesi tedavi g�rm�� ocuk hastalar olgu kontrol y�ntemiyle ara�t�r�ld�. Kanser tedavisinin �zerinden en az 5-8 y�l ge�mi�, tan� ya�� 9 ay ile 7 y�l aras�nda de�i�en, 93 hasta �al��maya dahil edildi. Grup A 9 ay-4 ya� aras�ndaki hastalardan, Grup B 5-7 ya� aras�ndaki hastalardan olu�uyordu. Kontrol grubu olarak hastalar�n ya� aral�� uygun 72 karde�i al�nd�. Hasta ve kontrol grubunun a��z i�i muayeneleri yap�ld� ve panoramik radyografileri al�nd�.
Bulgular: Doksan �� hastan�n ya� ortalamas� 9,54�1,25 (da��l�m 8-13 y�l) ve 48�i (%51,6) erkekti. En s�k rastlanan tan�, %65,5 oran�nda hematolojik malignitelerdir. En az bir tane DA, hasta grubunun 78�inde (%83,9) ve kontrol grubunun 7�sinde (%9,7) saptand�. �al��ma grubundaki hastalarda her �e�it DA g�r�l�rken, kontrol grubunda sadece mine kusuru vard�. Grup A�da mikrodonti (p=0,077), hipodonti (p=0,058) oranlar�n�n, Grup B�ye g�re daha y�ksek oldu�u saptand�. K�k �ekil bozuklu�u kemoterapi ve radyoterapi alan hastalarda sadece kemoterapi alanlara g�re daha fazla g�r�ld� (p=0,006).
Sonu�: Bu �al��mada 7 ya��ndan �nce kanser tedavisi g�ren hastalar�n DA�lar y�n�nden y�ksek riskli grup olu�turdu�u saptanm��t�r. Hastalar 5 ya��ndan �nce kanser tedavisi g�rd��nde mikrodontia ve hipodontinin s�kl�� daha da artm��t�r.

Anahtar Kelimeler: Kanser, �ocuk, Di� anomalileri, Hipodonti, Mikrodonti, K�k �ekil bozuklu�u, Mine defektleri

G�lser K�l�n�, G�l�in Bulut, Fahinur Ertu�rul, Hale �ren, Beng� Demira�, Ay�e Demiral, Serap Aksoylar, Emine Serra Kamer, H�lya Ellidokuz, Nur Olgun. Long-term Dental Anomalies after Pediatric Cancer Treatment in Children. Turk J Hematol. 2019; 36(3): 155-161

Corresponding Author: G�lser K�l�n�

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