E-ISSN: 1308-5263
Characterization of Immunophenotypic Aberrancies with Respect to Common Fusion Transcripts in B-Cell Precursor Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia: A Report of 986 Indian Patients [Turk J Hematol]
Turk J Hematol. 2022; 39(1): 1-12 | DOI: 10.4274/tjh.galenos.2021.2021.0326  

Characterization of Immunophenotypic Aberrancies with Respect to Common Fusion Transcripts in B-Cell Precursor Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia: A Report of 986 Indian Patients

Dikshat Gopal Gupta1, Neelam Varma1, Shano Naseem1, Man UpdeshSingh Sachdeva1, Parveen Bose1, Jogeshwar Binota1, Ashish Kumar2, Minakshi Gupta1, Palak Rana1, Preeti Sonam1, Pankaj Malhotra1, Amita Trehan1, Alka Khadwal1, Subhash Varma1
1Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
2International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, New Delhi, India

Objective: Based on the immunophenotype, acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) can be categorized into B-cell or T-cell lineages. B-cell precursor ALL (BCP-ALL) cases show various genetic/molecular abnormalities, and varying frequencies of chimeric fusion transcripts in BCP-ALL cases are reported from different parts of the world. We studied the immunophenotypic aberrancy profiles of a large number of BCP-ALL cases with respect to various common chimeric fusion transcripts.
Materials and Methods: Flow cytometric immunophenotyping and multiplex reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction assays were performed for 986 BCP-ALL cases.
Results: Among 986 BCP-ALL cases, the incidence of various fusion transcripts was 38.36% in adult cases and 20.68% in pediatric cases. Adult BCP-ALL patients with t(9;22)(BCR-ABL1) fusion transcripts and expression of aberrant myeloid markers were significantly older at presentation (p=0.0218) with male preponderance (p=0.0246) compared to those without aberrant myeloid expression. In pediatric patients with the t(12;21)(ETV6-RUNX1) chimeric fusion transcript, aberrant expression of CD13 was observed in 39.13%, CD33 in 36.95%, and CD117 in 8.69% of patients, respectively. Pediatric BCPALL patients with the ETV6-RUNX1 fusion transcript and expression of aberrant myeloid markers were not significantly different compared to those without with respect to demographic and clinical/hematological characteristics (p=0.5955). Aberrant myeloid markers were rarely or never expressed in pediatric and adult BCP-ALL patients with the t(4;11)(KTM2A-AF4) and t(1;19)(TCF3-PBX1) fusion transcripts.
Conclusion: Aberrant myeloid markers were frequently expressed among BCP-ALL patients with the t(9;22)(BCR-ABL1) and t(12;21) (ETV6-RUNX1) fusion transcripts. However, BCP-ALL patients with the t(4;11)(KTM2A-AF4) and t(1;19)(TCF3-PBX1) fusion transcripts rarely or never expressed aberrant myeloid markers. Aberrant myeloid CD markers can be used in predicting chimeric fusion transcripts at baseline so as to plan appropriate tyrosine kinase inhibitor therapy in cases of BCP-ALL with specific chimeric fusion transcripts. This study has delineated the relationship of chimeric fusion transcripts with the aberrant expression of myeloid markers in a large cohort of BCP-ALL cases.

Keywords: Acute leukemia, Acute lymphoblastic leukemias, Molecular biology, Molecular hematology, Neoplasia


Prekürsör B-Akut Lenfoblastik Lösemide Yaygın Füzyon Transkriptlerine Göre İmmünofenotipik Anormalliklerin Karakterizasyonu: 986 Hintli Hastayı İçeren Bir Rapor

Dikshat Gopal Gupta1, Neelam Varma1, Shano Naseem1, Man UpdeshSingh Sachdeva1, Parveen Bose1, Jogeshwar Binota1, Ashish Kumar2, Minakshi Gupta1, Palak Rana1, Preeti Sonam1, Pankaj Malhotra1, Amita Trehan1, Alka Khadwal1, Subhash Varma1
1Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
2International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, New Delhi, India

Amaç: Akut lenfoblastik lösemi (ALL), immünofenotipe dayalı olarak, B-hücre veya T-hücre kökenli olarak kategorize edilebilir. B-hücre prekürsör ALL (BCP-ALL) olguları çeşitli genetik/moleküler anormallikler gösterir ve BCP-ALL olgularındaki kimerik füzyon transkriptlerinin değişik frekansları dünyanın farklı yerlerinden rapor edilmiştir. Çok sayıda BCP-ALL olgusunun ortak yaygın kimerik füzyon transkriptlerine göre immünofenotipik anormallik profillerini inceledik.
Gereç ve Yöntem: 986 BCP-ALL olgusu için akım sitometrik immünofenotipleme ve multipleks ters-transkripsiyon polimeraz zincir reaksiyonu çalışmaları yapıldı.
Bulgular: 986 BCP-ALL olgusu arasında çeşitli füzyon transkriptlerinin insidansı yetişkin olgularda %38,36 ve pediatrik olgularda %20,68 idi. T(9;22)(BCR-ABL1) füzyon transkripti ve anormal myeloid belirteç ifadesi olan yetişkin BCP-ALL hastaları, anormal myeloid ifadesi olmayanlarla karşılaştırıldığında anlamlı olarak daha yaşlıydı (p=0,0218) ve erkek çoğunluğu vardı (p=0,0246). t(12;21)(ETV6- RUNX1) kimerik füzyon transkripti olan pediyatrik hastalarda, sırasıyla anormallik CD13 ifadesi %39,13, CD33 %36,95 ve CD117 %8,69 hastada gözlendi. ETV6-RUNX1 füzyon transkripti ve anormal myeloid belirteç ifadesi olan pediatrik BCP-ALL hastaları, olmayanlara kıyasla demografik ve klinik/hematolojik özellikler açısından farklı değildi (p=0,5955). t(4;11)(KTM2A-AF4) ve t(1;19)(TCF3-PBX1) füzyon transkriptlerine sahip pediatrik ve yetişkin BCP-ALL hastalarında anormallik myeloid belirteçler nadiren veya hiç ifade edilmedi.
Sonuç: Anormallik myeloid belirteçler, t(9;22)(BCR-ABL1) ve t(12;21)(ETV6-RUNX1) füzyon transkriptleri olan BCP-ALL hastaları arasında sıklıkla ifade edilmişti. Bununla birlikte, t(4;11)(KTM2AAF4) ve t(1;19)(TCF3-PBX1) füzyon transkriptlerine sahip BCP-ALL hastaları, anormallik myeloid belirteçleri nadiren veya hiç ifade etmemişti. Anormallik myeloid CD belirteçleri, spesifik kimerik füzyon transkriptleri olan BCP-ALL olgularında, başlangıçta kimerik füzyon transkriptlerini tahmin etmede ve böylece uygun tirozin kinaz inhibitör tedavisini planlamak için kullanılabilir. Bu çalışma, geniş bir BCP-ALL olgu kohortunda kimerik füzyon transkriptlerinin myeloid belirteçlerin anormal ifadesi ile ilişkisini tanımlamıştır.

Anahtar Kelimeler: Akut lösemi, Akut lenfoblastik lösemi, Moleküler biyoloji, Moleküler hematoloji, Neoplazi


Dikshat Gopal Gupta, Neelam Varma, Shano Naseem, Man UpdeshSingh Sachdeva, Parveen Bose, Jogeshwar Binota, Ashish Kumar, Minakshi Gupta, Palak Rana, Preeti Sonam, Pankaj Malhotra, Amita Trehan, Alka Khadwal, Subhash Varma. Characterization of Immunophenotypic Aberrancies with Respect to Common Fusion Transcripts in B-Cell Precursor Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia: A Report of 986 Indian Patients. Turk J Hematol. 2022; 39(1): 1-12

Corresponding Author: Neelam Varma, India


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